In a historic move, Sierra Leone’s President Dr. Julius Maada Bio, currently presiding over the United Nations Security Council, is set to lead a pivotal debate on reforming the Council.
The discussion, titled “Maintenance of International Peace and Security: Addressing the Historical Injustice and Enhancing Africa’s Effective Representation in the UN Security Council,” is aimed at rectifying longstanding inequalities in global governance.
“Africa has been marginalized in global decision-making processes for too long,” President Bio stated. “By addressing this historical injustice, we not only promote fairness but also unlock Africa’s full potential to contribute meaningfully to global peace, security, and prosperity.”
The Security Council, established after World War II, has remained largely unchanged, with permanent seats occupied by the United States, the United Kingdom, Russia, China, and France—countries often referred to as the “victors of that war.” In contrast, Africa, despite being the second most populous continent and home to a significant portion of the world’s nations, has no permanent representation.
“This imbalance is a remnant of colonial legacies,” President Bio emphasized. “The shadow of slavery, colonialism, and imperialism has led to Africa’s voice being drowned out, especially on critical issues affecting our continent, such as conflict prevention and sustainable development.”
Under the leadership of the African Union’s Committee of Ten Heads of State and Government (C-10) on UN Security Council reform, Africa has been pushing for change.
“We have been clear and consistent in our demands,” President Bio remarked. “Africa must have two permanent seats on the Security Council, along with an additional two non-permanent seats, bringing the total of non-permanent seats to five.”
Africa’s position, articulated in the Ezulwini Consensus and the Sirte Declaration, also calls for the abolition of the veto power. However, if the veto is retained, Africa insists it must be extended to all new permanent members.
The push for reform has gained traction in the UN General Assembly’s Inter-governmental Negotiations, signaling growing support for Africa’s demands.
“The time to address Africa’s distinctive plight is now,” said President Bio. “After nearly eighty years of marginalization, we cannot afford to wait any longer.”
President Bio underscored that Africa’s pursuit of reform is rooted in the principle of equality among nations.
“It is unconscionable that in the 21st century, the Security Council continues to operate under a structure that privileges a select few at the expense of the many,” he stated.
As the UN prepares for the Summit of the Future in September 2024, Africa’s leaders are urging the international community to take decisive action.
“The era of incremental measures and half-hearted progress must give way to decisive action,” President Bio declared. “Africa’s voice must be heard, and its demands for justice and equity must be met.”
By addressing these historical injustices, the international community has the opportunity to forge a more equitable and inclusive world order, one that upholds the dignity and aspirations of all nations, regardless of size or stature.
“Now is the time for resolute action,” President Bio concluded. “Africa cannot afford to wait any longer.”
